Exploring effective enforcement against littering, fly-tipping and dog fouling

This research will allow Government to fully consider the merits of these arguments and understand the effectiveness of the current enforcement regime and help inform whether future policy changes are required.

This research will build on existing literature and data, including, but not limited to: • Fly-tipping: Drivers, Deterrents, and Impacts. • The Campaign to Protect Rural England's 2020 Litter and the Law Report. • Defra's annual fly-tipping stats. • Data on 'environmental crime' collected by the Ministry of Justice and Home Office. • The Effectiveness of Enforcement on Behaviour Change: Fixed penalty notices from both sides of the line, Keep Britain Tidy, 2011